Part 2: Different people, different safety Continuing our reflections on the last five years. In part one, we explored the name psychological safety itself, and here in part two, we get into diversity, myths, the proliferation of bad advice, and […]
Psychological Safety
It’s here! The Psychological Safety Trainer Toolkit has officially launched. We’re incredibly excited to share this with you. Based on five years of delivering psychological safety training, workshops and consultancy, we’ve created the most complete resource available for anyone who […]
Part 1: The Power and Peril of Naming Updated September 2026: we now quote Amy Edmondson’s 1999 definition of psychological safety exactly, and we’ve corrected when crew resource management began. Over the past five years of our work in psychological […]
Not Feeling Seen: Eye Contact and Psychological Safety There really is some bad advice and research around in respect to psychological safety, in particular how it relates to aspects of neurodiversity and culture. In this piece, we’re going to dive […]
Psychological Safety Is Necessary But Not Sufficient. We sometimes hear “But psychological safety isn’t enough!”, and well… Obviously. It’s rather like saying that having a fully functioning car isn’t enough to make a road trip – and of course it […]
Every year we hold Psych Safety Days and other events for our wonderful community to come together, share insights, learn new practices and examine emergent research and evidence. These are grass-roots, practitioner-led events that are inclusive and accessible for all. […]
The Amagasaki Derailment In our workshops and training, we often use real-world stories as a way to explore the dynamics of both failure and success. Stories are a powerful tool to help us reflect on our own experiences, and sometimes […]
There isn’t a “one-size-fits-all”, cookie-cutter, road map approach to psychological safety. There are some foundational practices and principles, but the experience of psychological safety, and how it manifests, is different for everyone. Our background, culture, neurodiversities, abilities, needs and preferences […]
Psychological Safety Books for Children In 2020, we shared a collection of the best books about psychological safety. As new books were published (and there have been a lot of them about psychological safety!), we’ve added to and refined the […]
By Jade Garratt It will probably come as no great surprise to those of us who work with the concept of psychological safety that one of the earliest references to the term in academic and psychological literature comes from Carl […]
Welcome to The State of Psychological Safety Survey 2025 – the largest global survey on psychological safety ever! Psychological safety is the core ingredient behind high-performing, innovative, and happy teams. It shapes whether we feel safe speaking up, sharing ideas, […]
Barriers to Psychological Safety Updated September 2026: we’ve clarified what the archetype percentages and overlap scores describe. Executive Summary This research explores the experiential barriers to speaking up at work: not just structural or cultural factors, but the lived fears […]
How you respond matters “Everything you do is important to your organization. People are watching you. The people in your organization determine how to move forward after both successful work and how to recover after failure by watching how you […]
Executive Summary This study examined which practices most effectively foster psychological safety in teams and organisations. While behaviours such as listening and empathy underpin interpersonal safety, practices (structured, named activities like retrospectives or social contracts) create the scaffolds and shared […]
Updated September 2026: we’ve rechecked the figures against our raw survey data and brought the wording closer to the questions people answered. Executive Summary This study explored how feedback in the workplace affects both performance and psychological safety. While feedback […]
Psych Safety Day 2025 was wonderful! Malaga and Seville were gorgeous, very hot, and a fabulous way to wrap up 2025 and begin looking forward to what’s happening in Psych Safety for 2026. And if you’d like to have your […]
Updated September 2026: we’ve clarified how we describe the survey results. They measure how restructures and redundancies changed people’s sense of safety, rather than how safe people feel overall. Executive Summary This study examined the relationship between job security and […]
Executive Summary In this Research Pulse, 121 respondents were asked how familiar people in their workplace are with the concept of psychological safety. The results show a broadly “middle-ground” distribution: most people have heard of it, but few would call […]
How We Think About Learning at Psych Safety At Psych Safety, we care deeply about how learning happens. Not just what people take away from a session, but how it feels to be there – what kind of space it […]
Executive Summary This study explored why people foster psychological safety, examining whether motivations are primarily moral, relational, or performance-driven. While psychological safety is often discussed in terms of its organisational benefits: innovation, learning, quality, and performance, this research highlights the […]
Cultural Diversity and Cockpit Communication Here’s a classic paper from 1999 – Cultural diversity and crew communication, by Fischer and Orasanu. They examined how cultural background, rank and gender influence pilots’ corrective communications in the cockpit. Analysing over 500 pilots […]
By Jade Garratt Which of these do you think might damage psychological safety in a team? The answer, of course, is that all of them can. Sometimes it’s individual behaviours that cause harm to the psychological safety experienced by members […]
Why Just Culture Isn’t Sticking by Tom Geraghty What Do We Mean by “Just” Culture? The concept of a “Just Culture” was first developed in James Reason’s 1997 book Managing the Risks of Organisational Accidents. When we say “Just Culture”, […]
By Jade Garratt Have you ever found yourself reacting to something a colleague said as if you were a child being told off by their parents, even though you’re both adults and peers? Or made a casual, lighthearted remark to […]
“Sociological” Safety By Tom Geraghty The term psychological safety has been in use since Carl Rogers’ work in the 1950s and was applied to organisational contexts by Schein and Bennis (among others) in the 1960s. Since Amy Edmondson’s influential research […]
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